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Journal of Plant Ecology Advance Access published online on February 27, 2008
Journal of Plant Ecology, doi:10.1093/jpe/rtm006
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Botanical Society of China. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Complementarity among species in horizontal versus vertical rooting space

Stefanie von Felten1,2,* and Bernhard Schmid1

1 Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
2 Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland

* Correspondence address. Stefanie von Felten, Institute of Plant Sciences, ETH Zurich, LFW A2, Universitätsstrasse 2, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland. Tel: +41-44-632-31-90; Fax: +41-44-632-11-53; E-mail: stefanie.vonfelten{at}ipw.agrl.ethz.ch

Aims: Many experiments have shown a positive effect of species richness on productivity in grassland plant communities. However, it is poorly understood how environmental conditions affect this relationship. We aimed to test whether deep soil and limiting nutrient conditions increase the complementarity effect (CE) of species richness due to enhanced potential for resource partitioning.

Methods: We grew monocultures and mixtures of four common grassland species in pots on shallow and deep soil, factorially combined with two nutrient levels. Soil volume was kept constant to avoid confounding soil depth and volume. Using an additive partitioning method, we separated biodiversity effects on plant productivity into components due to species complementarity and dominance.

Important findings: Net biodiversity and complementarity effects were consistently higher in shallow pots, which was unexpected, and at the low nutrient level. These two results suggest that although belowground partitioning of resources was important, especially under low nutrient conditions, it was not due to differences in rooting depths. We conclude that in our experiment (i) horizontal root segregation might have been more important than the partitioning of rooting depths and (ii) that the positive effects of deep soil found in other studies were due to the combination of deeper soil with larger soil volume.

Keywords: biodiversity effects • nutrient limitation • resource partitioning • root competition • soil depth


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